USB IS EVERYWHERE.

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What is USB and what are the types and versions of USB?

 In almost all electronic devices we can see USB ports. So, basically what is USB. Here we go, USB stands for Universal Serial Bus. The development of USB began in 1994 by 7 eminent companies like IBM, Intel, Microsoft, DEC, NEC, Compaq and Nortel. These companies appointed Ajay Bhatt as the head of the project to develop USB. So, he is the co-inventor of USB. The main objective of this project is to connect peripheral devices like printers, external displays, hard drives, digital cameras and so on to our PC’s(computers). Hence he and his team came up with the invention of USB while working at Intel. By using USB ports on both the devices and the corresponding USB cable we can connect both the devices and hence communicate with each other. Communication means exchange of data among themselves. Hence it is achieved by Wired communication.

Versions of USB or The Evolution of USB:

Ø  Basically USB version indicates the Data Transfer Rate or speed of USB.
Ø  The very first USB was introduced in the year 1996 with version name as USB 1.0 with a data transfer rate of 12Mbps and it was not successful. After few years USB 2.0 was introduced with a data transfer rate of 480Mbps which became sensation in the market and many electronic companies started implementing USB ports in their devices. Now in almost all electronic devices we can see USB ports to transfer data from one device to another.
Ø  Again after few years USB 3.0 was introduced in the year 2008 with a data transfer rate of 5Gbps. The latest version is USB 3.2 which was introduced in the year 2017 with a data transfer rate of 20Gbps. But many electronic companies are still implementing USB 2.0 in their devices which reduces their manufacturing cost or expenditure because USB 3.0 is expensive technology. Very few companies are using USB 3.0 and USB 3.1 technology. Out of 10 devices 2 or 3 devices are coming with USB 3.0 version and the rest are with USB 2.0 version only. All companies should move towards latest technology because if we are back always we will be back only. 

TABLE: 1

Version Name
Release date
Name
Maximum Data transfer rate
Maximum Volts
(V)
Maximum Ampere
(A)
Maximum Power Output(Watts)
(P=V*A)
USB 1.0
January 1996
Full Speed
12 Mbps
_
_
_
USB 1.1
August 1998
Full Speed
12 Mbps
_
_
_
USB 2.0
April 2000
High Speed
480 Mbps
5V
1.8A
9W
USB 3.0
November 2008
SuperSpeed
5 Gbps
5V
1.8A
9W
USB 3.1
July 2013
SuperSpeed+
10 Gbps
20V
5A
100W
USB 3.2
September 2017
SuperSpeed+
20 Gbps
20V
5A
100W

Types of USB: -

TABLE: 2

TYPES
No. of Pins
Type – A USB 2.0
4
Type – B USB 2.0
4
Type – A USB 3.0
9
Type -A Mini USB 2.0
5
Type -B Mini USB 2.0
5
Type – B USB 3.0
9
Type - A Micro USB 2.0
5
Type -B Micro USB 2.0
5
Type -B Micro USB 3.0
10
Type - C
24
Apple Lightning Cable(Type-B)
8











  
  

    In almost all cables at one end we can see Type – A and the other end we can see Type – B or Type – C. One end i.e. Type – A is used to connect to computers and the other end is used to connect to the peripheral devices.
Ø  The data transfer rate of USB 3.0 is 5Gbps, so to achieve this speed the minimum number of pins required is 9 pins. Hence no. of pins should be greater than or equal to 9 (pins>=9). Type – C supports USB 3.0.
Ø  We say Type – C is future because it’s maximum power output is 100 Watts and no. of pins is 24, so that we can connect all our devices in one single port without the need of other ports and the cable should be more thick to bear or resist such a huge power output.

Advantages of Type – C: -

Ø  Reversible: We can keep either in one direction or the other direction. No need to worry about Pin break.
Ø  Durability: We can insert or remove pin in the port for more number of times.
Ø  Speed: We can transfer data at 10Gbps speed. It supports USB 3.1 version.
Ø  Power Delivery: The maximum power output is 100 Watts, so we can connect external displays, hard drives, pen drives and we can charge our laptops and mobiles using one single port.

             





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